| DRESSAGE
: |
A French word, which literally translated means "Training".
Dressage benefits any form of horsemanship. |
| Dressage
TEST : |
A specially arranged series of movements designed to "test"
the training of the horse for forward, balance, straightness
and obedience through graduated levels. |
| PSYCHOLOGY
: |
study of behaviour. |
| PEDAGOGY
: |
science of teaching.
Comes from the Greek Paidagogia, which means
the science of the education of children. It is at once
a Science and an Art : science because it is based upon
precise factors; art because it depends on how the teacher
makes use of those factors.
A pedagog is one who knows how to implement methods, techniques
and procedures which are conducive to the imparting of knowledge.
The Educator (Pedagog) must be coherent and adaptable, for
it is he/she who makes the Pedagogy (manner of Instruction)
by his/her capability for adaptation, imagination, creativity
and his/her style of imparting his/her knowledge.
Pedagogy relative to Horsemanship includes:
- The Horse is, in equitation,
the “professor”
- The Rider is the central
personality in the learning process.
- The Teacher must be a facilitator
who can apply the principles of Pedagogy.
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| EDUCATION
: |
instruct and train in such a way as to develop mental, moral
and physical powers ; a gaining of experience ; the fruit
of training or instruction. |
| INSTRUCTION
: |
Give information. Teach. Provide Direction |
| COACH
: |
Tutor competitors for examination or athletic contest |
| TRAINING
: |
put in the way to efficiency by instruction and practice. |
| AWARNESS
: |
concious, not ignorant. |
| RESPECT
: |
deferential esteem. |
| UNDERSTANDING
: |
comprehend, perceive the meaning of ... |
| CONFIDENCE
: |
firm trust, freedom from apprehension. |
| CALM
: |
serene, tranquil, un-agitated. |
| ANXIETY
: |
troubled, uneasy mind. Apprehension. |
| DISCIPLINE
: |
training, especiallly of the kind that produces self-control,
orderliness, obedience and a capacity for Co-operation. |
| PUNISHMENT
: |
inflict penalty for offence, handle or test severely, subject
to retributive suffering. |
| OBEDIENCE
: |
submissive to a superior's will.
The horse is trained to seek discipline, which is evidenced
by a confidently submissive yet willing attitude, and co-operation. |
| PERSISTENCE
: |
continue to do something in spite of obstacles, remonstrance. |
| GUIDANCE
: |
one who shows the way ; to lead, arrange a course of events. |
| CONTROL
: |
Power of directing and restraining. Right of supervision |
| FORWARD
: |
attitude - willingness.
The horse manifests unprovoked desire to go forward, has a
willing attitude evidenced by remaining co-operative and attentive
to every request. |
| BALANCE
: |
uprightness, point of weightlessness both laterally and
longitudinally.
Balance in the horse is the uprightness of the shoulders between
the hand (mouth) and the rider's leg (hind foot), both laterally
and longitudinally. A truly balanced horse becomes nimble
on the feet, calm, willing, responsive, light in hand and
fully co-operative. |
| SUPPLENESS
: |
softening of muscles, yielding to pressure, especially in
the jaw and neck, both laterally and vertically |
| IMPULSION
: |
is manifested by the elevation of the motion within each
gait. |
| CADENCE: |
Measured movement of [a] sound. The beat of the horse's
footfalls. |
| TEMPO: |
(Tempi/Tempos) : Rate of movement or activity. The speed
between foot falls within a given gait/time frame. |
| RHYTHM: |
Metrical effect produced in motion by the relationship in quantity and time
between movements that succeed each other. |
| COLLECTION: |
or Engagement : needed to acquire centred balance.
Engagement without self carriage through the shoulders is
"false engagement". It is recognised by the sensation
that the horse is heavy on the hand, seems unwilling and responds
sluggishly to the rider's requests. Frequently goes "behind"
the bit and loses natural "desire" to go forward. |
| STRAIGHTNESS
: |
weight distribution remains plumb within any gait, vertically,
laterally and longitudinally, the "push", or power
from the quarters travelling "straight" to the hand
via the mouth which maintains even, soft contact with the
bit. Straightness allows the horse to follow any line of travel,
the proof of which is the ability to maintain steady cadence
and rhythm within any selected gait, never wavering from a
chosen line. |
| TENSION
: |
1) Of the reins : Support taken by the horse on the reins
adjusted by the rider. Must be definite and continuous. Should
increase and decrease in intensity depending on the activity.
2) Of the horse's Top Line : Remaining mobile and supple,
the spine elevates and rounds from the power developed by
the push from the posteriors, via the hind hindquarters toward
a soft and yielding mouth which remains in contact with a
constantly supporting hand. The horse is said to be balanced
between hind foot and hand. |
| CONTACT
: |
The reins must of necessity be adjusted, meaning stretched
by the rider to the exact extent required to maintain the
hands in constant contact with the horse's mouth via the reins. |
| YIELD: |
The horse moves away from pressure, gives readily without
resistance, becomes flexible and supple at the slightest indication
of leg or hand. |
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